HbA1c Explained: What Your Result Means
A1C shows average blood sugar over about three months.
How it works
Sugar attaches to haemoglobin in red blood cells. The percentage that is "glycated" reflects average glucose over the lifespan of the cells, about 8 to 12 weeks.
Interpreting results
Below 5.7 percent is normal, 5.7 to 6.4 is prediabetes and 6.5 or higher is diabetes when confirmed. Many adults with diabetes aim for under 7 percent.
Limits
Anaemia, kidney disease and some blood disorders can skew results. Pair A1C with glucose readings for the full picture.
Try it: A1C to Average Glucose Calculator
Example with sample values. Open the full calculator →
Average glucose125.5 mg/dL
Average glucose7 mmol/L
HbA1c (IFCC)42.1 mmol/mol
An HbA1c of 5.7–6.4% is in the prediabetes range.
Educational content only. This article does not replace advice from a qualified health professional. Medical disclaimer.